General Internal Medicine

Electrolyte disorders

Questions discussed in this category

How do you approach a patient with biochemical evidence of primary hyperparathyroidism, but normal parathyroid scan?

Do you try to treat the acidosis resulting from acetazolamide in patients with IIH?

Do you interpret failure to develop hypernatremia with prolonged water deprivation (such as for 12 hours) as evidence against diabetes insipidus even if the urine osmolality is just below normal?

For a patient whose sodium remains 142 despite water deprivation from 8 pm to 8 am, with urine osm of about 500, is further testing needed?

2 Answers available

What is your approach to managing hypokalemia in patients with Bartter syndrome who are on high doses of potassium chloride but cannot tolerate amiloride or ACEi/ARBs due to low blood pressures?

1 Answer available

What further work up do you recommend for patients with a chronic high anion gap metabolic acidosis with normal eGFR who have been ruled out for lactic acidosis, ketosis, toxic alcohols, and other usual culprits of high anion gap metabolic acidosis?

3 Answers available

What are your next steps when managing patients with suspected Gitelman syndrome for whom genetic testing reveals variants of uncertain significance or novel mutations not well characterized?

2 Answers available

In SIADH due to malignancy, do you prefer to use free water restriction or salt tablets?

Or other therapy - e.g., tolvaptan? Free water restriction may hinder QOL. Salt tablets may raise levels more quickly but have risks of edema and hype...

1 Answer available

Is there a role for SGLT-2 inhibitors in the treatment of chronic hypomagnesemia?

1 Answer available

Do you recommend obtaining a spot urine or 24-hour urine magnesium measurement when evaluating patients with persistent hypomagnesemia of unknown etiology?

3 Answers available

What is your approach to using bisphosphonates in those with severe hypercalcemia and chronic kidney disease?

1 Answer available

Do you consider hyperuricemia as a potential etiology of an anion gap metabolic acidosis in patients with elevated uric acid levels and no other readily explainable causes of acidosis?

1 Answer available

What additional studies would you obtain for a patient with end stage kidney disease on hemodialysis who has persistent hypercalcemia and low PTH?

1 Answer available

Can an acid loading test be used to assist with the diagnosis of RTAs other than an incomplete distal RTA?

1 Answer available

Does your goal rate of correction in patients with chronic hypoosmolar hyponatremia differ based on the degree of hypoosmolarity?

4 Answers available

How do you treat sarcoidosis associated hypercalcemia in a patient with adenopathy and no other signs of systemic involvement?

1 Answer available

Do you prefer transtubular potassium gradient (TTKG) or urine potassium to urine creatinine ratio when evaluating patients with abnormal potassium levels?

1 Answer available

Papers discussed in this category

Clin Chim Acta, 2020 Oct 20

Diagnostic value of parameters from a spot urine sample for renal potassium loss in hypokalemia.

Am J Kidney Dis, 2019 Jun 19

Physiology and Pathophysiology of Potassium Homeostasis: Core Curriculum 2019.

Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens, 2011 Sep

Intrarenal urea recycling leads to a higher rate of renal excretion of potassium: an hypothesis with clinical implications.

AACE Clin Case Rep, 2020 Aug 06

METHOTREXATE TREATMENT FOR SARCOIDOSIS-INDUCED HYPERCALCEMIA.

Am J Med, 1987 Jun

Hydroxychloroquine treatment of hypercalcemia in a patient with sarcoidosis undergoing hemodialysis.

Sarcoidosis Vasc Diffuse Lung Dis, 2012 Mar

Hypercalcemia from sarcoidosis successfully treated with infliximab.

Arch Osteoporos, 2017 Jul 19

Glucocorticoid sparing effect of zoledronic acid in sarcoid hypercalcemia.

BMJ Case Rep, 2022 Jul 08

Hungry bone syndrome like presentation following single-dose denosumab for hypercalcaemia secondary to sarcoidosis with IgA nephropathy.

Arthritis Res Ther, 2014 Mar 24

Bone fragility in sarcoidosis and relationships with calcium metabolism disorders: a cross sectional study on 142 patients.

General Internal Medicine

Electrolyte disorders

Questions discussed in this category

Papers discussed in this category

Related Topics in General Internal Medicine