Can adjuvant nivolumab for bladder CA as per Checkmate 274 be extrapolated for the concurrent chemoRT bladder preservation setting?  

Great question. Short answer is no. Different scenario and very hard to extrapolate from the adjuvant post radical cystectomy setting. We need dedicated bladder preservation trials, e.g. S1806 and Keynote992. Recommend to accrue in those 2 large phase III trials for patients who opt for bladder pres...

In the CheckMate 274 trial, patients with high-risk muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma (MIUC) who had undergone radical surgery enjoyed disease-free survival benefit with adjuvant nivolumab (vs placebo) in the intention-to-treat population and those harboring PD-L1-high tumors. Regulatory review i...

At this time, I do not think we can extrapolate the CheckMate 274 data to patients treated with trimodality therapy/bladder preservation therapy. As oncologists, it is so tempting to offer more therapy, particularly for malignancies with so much room for improvement in treatment outcomes. However, w...

While the adjuvant immune checkpoint blockade after concurrent chemoradiation in bladder cancer is a potentially attractive strategy, this strategy was not tested in CheckMate 274 and therefore, adjuvant nivolumab should not be extrapolated to this setting.