Is there a role for adjuvant therapy, either radiation (+/- chemo), or systemic therapies (immunotherapy, targeted agents or chemotherapy) after resection of anorectal mucosal melanoma?  

Anorectal mucosal melanoma has a very poor prognosis because of later diagnosis and its aggressive biology. The 5-year survival figures after local therapy (surgery/RT) is about 25%. Hence, there is a need to offer such patients adjuvant systemic therapy. Chemotherapy alone is minimally effective. ...