What factors should be considered when deciding whether to omit radiation in pediatric patients receiving N+AVD, particularly regarding long-term outcomes and second malignancy risks?   

Based on the early data from S1826, it appears that radiation can be omitted if end-of-therapy scans (after  6 cycles of therapy) show metabolic remission of disease. The ability to limit RT to 1% of patients is encouraging for potential reduction in late effects such as cardiovascular disease ...