General Internal Medicine

Systemic lupus erythematosus

Questions discussed in this category

How do you approach new onset idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH) with someone who has history of systemic lupus erythematosus? Would you consider this to be neuropsychiatric SLE (NPSLE) manifesting as IIH?

How do you approach someone with a history of SLE that has been well controlled for decades on CellCept and Plaquenil, who develops dizziness with a w...

2 Answers available

How do you approach a patient with high titer ANA and a new diagnosis of ITP, but no other signs or symptoms suggestive of active rheumatologic disease?

Patient with +ANA 1:2560 for >10 years; rest of serologies are negative. Complements are normal. Negative dsDNA. Antiphospholipid labs are negative...

5 Answers available

What is your approach to the management of shrinking lung syndrome in SLE?

Young woman (20s) with history of active lupus for 3-4 years. Serologies/Labs include +ANA, +dsDNA,+ RNP, + Smith, hypocomplementemiaManifestations i...

2 Answers available

What is your approach when surgeons want to stop hydroxychloroquine prior to surgery?

The index question is: "neurosurgeons lately want to stop hydroxychloroquine prior to spinal surgery. Anyone allowing this for lupus patients and for ...

4 Answers available

What is the clinical significance of a low titer RNP, negative Sm, but Sm/RNP that is very high titer?

I'm uncertain why both individual parts can be so low/negative but together very positive. Is there an assay discrepancy, a false positive?

1 Answer available

Would you accept the diagnosis of SLE on the basis of an AVISE CTD panel where the results just showed a positive EC4d or BC4d, positive ANA>1/80 + one clinical criteria such as multiple tender joints but did otherwise not fulfill criteria for SLE?

2 Answers available

Do you generally prefer to continue hydroxychloroquine in lupus patients who develop ESRD despite the low likelihood of clinically active disease in this patient population?

4 Answers available

How do you counsel patients who experience diarrhea from mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept)?

Do you generally recommend anti-diarrheals, dietary modifications, or consider this an unacceptable side effect and move to other therapies?

2 Answers available

For patients with SLE, is there an ANC level for which you would hold or adjust hydroxychloroquine in an asymptomatic patient?

UpToDate recommends Hydroxychloroquine for all SLE patients, but neutropenia is sometimes ascribed to HCQ rather than the underlying disease. What lev...

2 Answers available

What is your threshold to repeat a kidney biopsy in a patient with a history of lupus nephritis who is on maintenance therapy and develops subtle changes in urinary protein excretion or microscopic hematuria?

3 Answers available

Would you switch azathioprine to a different immunosuppressant if a controlled patient with SLE develops melanoma and/or non-melanoma skin cancer?

2 Answers available

How would you approach a young patient with bilateral lower extremity muscle weakness and positive anti-Smith, dsDNA, RNP, Raynaud’s, and pericardial effusion but normal muscle enzymes?

MRI with muscle edema but biopsy pending. Would you consider this overlap myositis even though muscle enzymes are normal?

2 Answers available

How do you approach interpreting a low titer dsDNA (such as crithidia 1:40 to 1:80) in the setting of a moderately elevated ANA without other specific features of SLE?

For example, the patient may have other findings such as an elevated CRP. Would you diagnose SLE, or would you want to see other serologies or finding...

2 Answers available

How would you approach the work up of SLE in a patient over 80 years old?

How would you work up an elderly female with persistent anemia secondary to warm AIHA requiring almost monthly transfusion, with positive ANA,dsDNA (b...

3 Answers available

What is your approach to diagnosis and evaluation of nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis (Libman-Sacks)?

Patient with negative blood cultures, completed 6 weeks of IV antibiotics and vegetation persists. CT imaging without evidence of malignancy. No evide...

3 Answers available

Would you treat a patient aggressively for lupus nephritis if they have persistent proteinuria over 1 gram but cannot get a timely kidney biopsy?

3 Answers available

Do you use anti-DFS70 Ab to help reduce the posttest probability of ANA-positive patients having a systemic autoimmune disease if other autoantibodies are negative?

ANA patients referred to rule out CTD is a work-intensive, costly referral type. If they are positive for Anti-Dense Fine Speckled Protein 70 kDa (DFS...

1 Answer available

How do you approach a negative ANA and positive dsDNA in patients with arthralgia, hair loss, or other UCTD features?

5 Answers available

Would you add voclosporin to mycophenolate for refractory proteinuria in a patient with low EF?

Low EF in the range of 30%

1 Answer available

What would be the clinical role of SGLT-2 inhibitors for lupus nephritis given it has an indication for proteinuria related to CKD?

5 Answers available

When would you consider a kidney biopsy in a patient with longstanding diabetes and hypertension (baseline creatinine 4-5, 4+ proteinuria) who was recently found to have dsDNA positivity?

1 Answer available

Is it safe to use quinacrine in SLE patients with a history of hydroxychloroquine-associated retinopathy?

3 Answers available

What is your approach to using medications that can cause bone marrow suppression in SLE patients who have persistent leukopenia?

3 Answers available

How would you approach immunomodulatory treatment for systemic lupus associated protein losing enteropathy (PLE) in a patient whose clinical course has been complicated by significant infection?

Additionally, is it correct to assume that IV therapies might be preferred vs oral treatment given alterations in GI absorption in PLE?

1 Answer available

Have you seen drug induced SCLE from IL-17 inhibitors?

And if so, what is your approach to the diagnosis?

1 Answer available

Are there concerns with using sulfasalazine in SLE?

Extrapolating from reactions with other sulfa medications potentially causes flares.

1 Answer available

How do you approach treating patients with lupus profundus?

Do you typically start the patient on hydroxychloroquine? What work-up do you perform?

1 Answer available

When prescribing hydroxychloroquine, how do you explain the mechanism of action and how this translates into clinical benefit for the patient?

There are studies that show hydroxychloroquine inhibits autophagy (the orderly degradation and recycling of the contents of the cytoplasm for the cell...

3 Answers available

What is your approach to assessing whether oral/nasal ulcerations are features of systemic lupus erythematosus versus from another etiology?

Classically, lupus mouth ulcers are large non-painful blisters at the roof of the mouth. What do you do with small scattered blisters, painful or not ...

1 Answer available

What is your approach to further work-up and management of neutropenia in patients with SLE/RA overlap?

For example, a patient with a bone marrow biopsy that shows normocellular bone marrow. Prior management with leflunomide and HCQ with neutropenia attr...

2 Answers available

What is your approach to discordant dsDNA testing, such as positivity to dsDNA by crithidia but negativity to dsDNA by other modalities?

I get a lot of low false positive ds dna (sometimes high- 300) in quest and labcorp but their crithidia specific dsDNA labs when repeated are ne...

1 Answer available

How would you interpret a positive dsDNA in a patient with a negative ANA performed via indirect immunofluorescence?

4 Answers available

What is your approach to checking IgG levels post vaccination to detect common variable immunodeficiency in patients with systemic lupus?

If a deficiency is present, do you consider IVIG to treat non-infectious symptoms such as skin rash, arthritis or hematological abnormalities?

1 Answer available

Is there a role for hydroxychloroquine for secondary prevention in patients with APS without SLE?

1 Answer available

How do you manage recurrent inflammatory pleural effusions in lupus pleuritis?

1 Answer available

Would you consider using DOACs in a young patient with SLE and Libman-Sacks endocarditis, who is negative for APS?

2 Answers available

Do you routinely monitor the QTc when adding voclosporin to hydroxychloroquine in a patient with lupus nephritis?

1 Answer available

In which clinical scenarios is relying on the urine protein-to-creatinine ratio as a measure of proteinuria unreliable, and interpretations should be made looking at urine protein and urine creatinine separately?

1 Answer available

What are the reasons for SLE specific labs to turn negative?

Patients frequently mention diagnosis of SLE years ago but recent Sm, dsDNA (crithidia) and complements can be normal. Can treatment with medications ...

5 Answers available

What is your approach to the diagnosis and management of lupus cystitis?

2 Answers available

Do you routinely check G6PD level prior to initiation of hydroxychloroquine?

6 Answers available

In patients with lupus nephritis on maintenance therapy, is there additional benefit in utilizing 2 grams vs 3 grams of mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) daily?

3 Answers available

How would you approach initiating belimumab in a patient with serologic evidence of prior hepatitis B infection?

Such as patients with negative Hepatitis B surface antigen and negative viral load but with positive hepatitis b core antibody.

1 Answer available

In your experience, is there an association between interstitial cystitis and systemic lupus erythematosus?

2 Answers available

What workup and initial treatment should be considered for suspected autoimmune myelofibrosis?

1 Answer available

How do you differentiate a lupus flare versus drug-induced lupus in patients with SLE on a drug associated with DILE?

2 Answers available

How do you treat lupus-associated small fiber neuropathy?

1 Answer available

How do you approach the management of immunosuppression in patients with lupus nephritis that go on to dialysis?

3 Answers available

Is there a role for immunosuppression in patients with triple positive antiphospholipid antibodies who do not meet the clinical criteria for APS?

2 Answers available

What particular pre-operative considerations should we consider for SLE patients undergoing elective surgery?

1 Answer available

How do you approach DMARD therapy in a patient with lupus and recurrent pericarditis?

1 Answer available

How do you approach the use of commercial testing such as AVISE CTD in clinical practice?

1 Answer available

How do you approach immunosuppressive therapy in lupus-associated pulmonary arterial hypertension?

2 Answers available

How do you clinically distinguish between cutaneous lupus with photosensitivity and polymorphic light eruption-like reactions?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to differentiating SLE flare in pregnancy vs pre-eclampsia?

1 Answer available

When is it necessary to monitor the QTc interval in patients on hydroxychloroquine?

2 Answers available

Is it okay to use medications associated with drug-induced lupus in patients with SLE?

1 Answer available

Is there a role for G-CSF treatment for SLE patients with persistent neutropenia?

1 Answer available

Is there a role for measuring hydroxychloroquine blood levels in clinical practice?

If so, are there specific patient populations for which you would use this metric?

1 Answer available

What is your threshold for pursuing bone marrow biopsy in a lupus patient with cytopenias?

2 Answers available

What is your approach to treating refractory thrombocytopenia in lupus?

2 Answers available

Which immunosuppressed patients with SLE would benefit from antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent pneumocystis pneumonia?

1 Answer available

Is it ever appropriate to use hydroxychloroquine temporarily in higher doses (more than 5mg/kg) to control lupus activity such as skin manifestations?

1 Answer available

How do you interpret a high positive RNP in the setting of a negative ANA and negative sm/RNP?

To my understanding, sm/RNP should also be positive in this situation (and one would assume a positive ANA as well)

1 Answer available

How would you attempt to determine the etiology of intracranial hemorrhage in a patient with newly diagnosed lupus and an active viral infection?

1 Answer available

Do you continue hydroxychloroquine in lupus patients who develop cardiomyopathy?

1 Answer available

What is your approach to bladder cancer surveillance in patients who have received cyclophosphamide?

1 Answer available

How do steroids and/or DMARDs affect biopsy results if a renal biopsy for suspected lupus nephritis is delayed?

1 Answer available

Are there any clinical situations in which checking for anti-chromatin antibodies is helpful?

1 Answer available

Is there a minimum work-up necessary in patients with an ANA greater than 1:160 and no clinical symptoms suggestive of lupus (i.e., specific antibodies, UA)?

2 Answers available

Papers discussed in this category

Arthritis and rheumatism, 1982-11

The 1982 revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Arthritis and rheumatism, 2012-08

Derivation and validation of the Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics classification criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus.

, 2019 Aug 06

2019 European League Against Rheumatism/American College of Rheumatology Classification Criteria for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Arthritis Rheum.,

Updating the American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for the classification of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Arthritis and rheumatism, 2010-01

Incidence and prevention of bladder toxicity from cyclophosphamide in the treatment of rheumatic diseases: a data-driven review.

J. Rheumatol., 2019 Sep 01

Malignancies in Patients with Antineutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-associated Vasculitis: A Population-based Cohort Study.

JAMA ophthalmology, 2014-12

The risk of toxic retinopathy in patients on long-term hydroxychloroquine therapy.

Can J Ophthalmol,

Retinal toxicity of high-dose hydroxychloroquine in patients with chronic graft-versus-host disease.

J Am Acad Dermatol, 2016 Feb 03

The effect of increasing the dose of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) in patients with refractory cutaneous lupus erythematosus (CLE): An open-label prospective pilot study.

Journal of clinical rheumatology : practical reports on rheumatic & musculoskeletal diseases, 2008-10

Prophylactic antibiotic usage for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus on cyclophosphamide: a survey of US rheumatologists and the review of literature.

Clin Rheumatol, 2006 Dec 21

Infection-related morbidity and mortality in patients with connective tissue diseases: a systematic review.

Blood, 2015 May 13

A novel triple therapy for ITP using high-dose dexamethasone, low-dose rituximab, and cyclosporine (TT4).

Blood, 2009 Nov 06

Combination immunosuppressant therapy for patients with chronic refractory immune thrombocytopenic purpura.

Rheumatol Int, 2019 Apr 30

Indications for bone marrow examinations in rheumatology.

Clin Exp Rheumatol, 2012 Sep 25

Indications for bone marrow examination in autoimmune disorders with concurrent haematologic alterations.

Wien Klin Wochenschr,

[Rationale for bone marrow examination in patients with inflammatory rheumatic diseases].

J Rheumatol, 2006 Jul 01

Therapy with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor in systemic lupus erythematosus may be associated with severe flares.

Semin Arthritis Rheum,

Treatment of severe neutropenia due to Felty's syndrome or systemic lupus erythematosus with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor.

Lupus, 2008-08

Rituximab treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case report.

Arthritis Rheumatol, 2021 Aug 12

Predicting the Risk of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Chinese Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Treatment and Research Group Cohort Study.

Int J Clin Pract, 2021 Mar 24

Effect of COVID-19 medications on corrected QT interval and induction of torsade de pointes: Results of a multicenter national survey.

Mod Rheumatol, 2021 Feb 09

QTc interval prolongation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus treated with hydroxychloroquine.

Heart Rhythm, 2020 Jun 28

Effects of hydroxychloroquine treatment on QT interval.

Arthritis care & research, 2018-03

Examination of Hydroxychloroquine Use and Hemolytic Anemia in G6PDH-Deficient Patients.

J Clin Rheumatol, 2020 Sep 18

Association of Hydroxychloroquine use and Hemolytic Anemia in Patients With Low Levels of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase.

Cureus, 2020 Aug 02

A Study on the Relevance of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Level Screening in Patients with Rheumatic Diseases Prior to Initiating Treatment With Hydroxychloroquine.

Kidney international, 2009-12

A prospective study of protein excretion using short-interval timed urine collections in patients with lupus nephritis.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2010-07

Comparison of urinary albumin-creatinine ratio and albumin excretion rate in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial/Epidemiology of Diabetes Interventions and Complications study.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 2010-08

Comparison of different measures of urinary protein excretion for prediction of renal events.

Am J Kidney Dis, 2016 Sep 16

Timed Urine Collections for Albumin and Protein: "The King Is Dead, Long Live the King!".

J Rheumatol, 2004 Aug

Urine protein-to-creatinine ratio is a reliable measure of proteinuria in lupus nephritis.

Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN, 1993-07

Reversible renal failure in the primary antiphospholipid syndrome--a report of two cases.

Arthritis and rheumatism, 2013-02

A pilot open-label phase II trial of rituximab for non-criteria manifestations of antiphospholipid syndrome.

American journal of transplantation : official journal of the American Society of Transplantation and the American Society of Transplant Surgeons, 2014-02

Eculizumab prevents recurrent antiphospholipid antibody syndrome and enables successful renal transplantation.

Lupus, 2018-03

Hydroxychloroquine in the primary thrombosis prophylaxis of antiphospholipid antibody positive patients without systemic autoimmune disease.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2019-10

EULAR recommendations for the management of antiphospholipid syndrome in adults.

Lupus,

16th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies Task Force Report on Antiphospholipid Syndrome Treatment Trends.

Arthritis Rheum,

Risk factors for thrombosis and primary thrombosis prevention in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus with or without antiphospholipid antibodies.

Rheumatology (Oxford), 2021 May 18

Cognitive dysfunction and associated neuroimaging biomarkers in antiphospholipid syndrome: a systematic review.

Am J Transplant, 2013 Jun 13

Eculizumab improves posttransplant thrombotic microangiopathy due to antiphospholipid syndrome recurrence but fails to prevent chronic vascular changes.

Best practice & research. Clinical anaesthesiology, 2014-06

Perioperative analgesia and the effects of dietary supplements.

The Journal of rheumatology, 2016-08

Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Have Increased Risk of Short-term Adverse Events after Total Hip Arthroplasty.

JCI Insight, 2021 Feb 08

Antineutrophil properties of natural gingerols in models of lupus.

Arthritis Rheumatol, 2021 Jun 01

Sjögren's Disease, Not Syndrome.

Adv Ther, 2018 Mar 20

Perioperative Management of Patients with Inflammatory Rheumatic Diseases Undergoing Major Orthopaedic Surgery: A Practical Overview.

J Arthroplasty, 2017 Jun 19

Total Hip Arthroplasty Outcomes: An 18-Year Experience in a Single Center: Is Systemic Lupus Erythematosus a Potential Risk Factor for Adverse Outcomes?

Int J Mol Sci, 2020 Mar 04

Curcumin Attenuates Both Acute and Chronic Immune Nephritis.

Open Access Rheumatol, 2019 Jan 29

Sjögren's syndrome and systemic lupus erythematosus: links and risks.

Respirology, 2016 Dec 17

Anaesthetic management of sleep-disordered breathing in adults.

Lupus, 2013-07

Erythrocyte sedimentation rate is a predictor of renal and overall SLE disease activity.

Arthritis care & research, 2019-07

Area-Level Predictors of Medication Nonadherence Among US Medicaid Beneficiaries With Lupus: A Multilevel Study.

Arthritis care & research, 2019-11

Azathioprine and Mycophenolate Mofetil Adherence Patterns and Predictors Among Medicaid Beneficiaries With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Rev Med Interne, 2016 Oct 13

[Blood concentration of hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus care: Usefulness and limits].

JAMA Dermatol,

Hydroxychloroquine-induced pigmentation in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study.

Ann Rheum Dis, 2014 Apr 16

Treat-to-target in systemic lupus erythematosus: recommendations from an international task force.

J Rheumatol,

Flares in lupus: Outcome Assessment Trial (FLOAT), a comparison between oral methylprednisolone and intramuscular triamcinolone.

Lupus Sci Med, 2018 May 14

Quantifying the burden of steroid-related damage in SLE in the Hopkins Lupus Cohort.

Lupus Sci Med,

Efficacy of belimumab in two serologically distinct high disease activity subgroups of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: post-hoc analysis of data from the phase III programme.

Lupus, 2015 Jul 10

Colchicine: a simple and effective treatment for pericarditis in systemic lupus erythematosus? A report of 10 cases.

Lupus science & medicine, 2014

Cell-bound complement activation products in systemic lupus erythematosus: comparison with anti-double-stranded DNA and standard complement measurements.

The Journal of rheumatology, 2015-11

Hydroxychloroquine Blood Levels in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Clarifying Dosing Controversies and Improving Adherence.

Ophthalmology, 2016-06

Recommendations on Screening for Chloroquine and Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy (2016 Revision).

Lupus science & medicine, 2017

Cell-bound complement activation products in SLE.

Journal of immunology research, 2017

Performance Characteristics of Different Anti-Double-Stranded DNA Antibody Assays in the Monitoring of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Lupus science & medicine, 2018

Erythrocyte-bound C4d in combination with complement and autoantibody status for the monitoring of SLE.

Clin Pharmacol Ther, 2018 Jun

A Prospective International Study on Adherence to Treatment in 305 Patients With Flaring SLE: Assessment by Drug Levels and Self-Administered Questionnaires.

Lupus Sci Med, 2016

Reduction in erythrocyte-bound complement activation products and titres of anti-C1q antibodies associate with clinical improvement in systemic lupus erythematosus.

Lupus Sci Med, 2016 Feb 01

Systemic lupus erythematosus and primary fibromyalgia can be distinguished by testing for cell-bound complement activation products.

Lupus Sci Med,

A multianalyte assay panel with cell-bound complement activation products demonstrates clinical utility in systemic lupus erythematosus.

ACR Open Rheumatol, 2020 Oct 12

Evaluation of the Economic Benefit of Earlier Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) Diagnosis Using a Multivariate Assay Panel (MAP).

Arthritis Rheumatol, 2021 May 02

Association of Higher Hydroxychloroquine Blood Levels With Reduced Thrombosis Risk in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Ann Rheum Dis, 2012 Nov 10

Hydroxychloroquine in systemic lupus erythematosus: results of a French multicentre controlled trial (PLUS Study).

Arthritis Rheum,

Low blood concentration of hydroxychloroquine is a marker for and predictor of disease exacerbations in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Lupus,

Hydroxychloroquine use predicts complete renal remission within 12 months among patients treated with mycophenolate mofetil therapy for membranous lupus nephritis.

Arthritis Rheumatol, 2020 Jan 07

Hydroxychloroquine Blood Levels Predict Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy.

The Journal of rheumatology, 1992-02

Antibiotic allergy in systemic lupus erythematosus: a case-control study.

The British journal of dermatology, 2011-03

A systematic review of drug-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

Current opinion in rheumatology, 2018-09

Drug-induced lupus erythematosus: an update on drugs and mechanisms.

Lupus, 2014 Feb 20

Drug-induced lupus: Including anti-tumour necrosis factor and interferon induced.

Ann Rheum Dis, 2019 Feb 04

Drug-induced systemic lupus: revisiting the ever-changing spectrum of the disease using the WHO pharmacovigilance database.

Br J Dermatol, 2011 Jul 11

Drug-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus: evidence for differences from its idiopathic counterpart.

Mod Rheumatol, 2016 Feb 17

Safety and efficacy of upfront graded administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in systemic lupus erythematosus: A retrospective cohort study.

Kidney international, 2019-01

A randomized, controlled double-blind study comparing the efficacy and safety of dose-ranging voclosporin with placebo in achieving remission in patients with active lupus nephritis.

Lancet, 2021 May 07

Efficacy and safety of voclosporin versus placebo for lupus nephritis (AURORA 1): a double-blind, randomised, multicentre, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

The New England journal of medicine, 2003-10-16

Development of autoantibodies before the clinical onset of systemic lupus erythematosus.

Archives of internal medicine, 2004

Diagnostic accuracy for lupus and other systemic autoimmune diseases in the community setting.

Lupus, 2021 Jan 05

Delayed diagnosis adversely affects outcome in systemic lupus erythematosus: Cross sectional analysis of the LuLa cohort.

Arthritis Rheumatol, 2018 Jun 27

Brief Report: Lupus-An Unrecognized Leading Cause of Death in Young Females: A Population-Based Study Using Nationwide Death Certificates, 2000-2015.

Am J Med,

Systemic lupus erythematosus and myelofibrosis.

Journal of clinical pharmacology, 2011-08

Mycophenolic acid pharmacokinetics during maintenance immunosuppression in African American and Caucasian renal transplant recipients.

Transplant Proc,

A prospective analysis of the effects of enteric-coated mycophenolate sodium and mycophenolate mofetil co-medicated with a proton pump inhibitor in kidney transplant recipients at a single institute in China.

Transpl Int, 2014 Aug 22

Do Asian renal transplant patients need another mycophenolate mofetil dose compared with Caucasian or African American patients?

J Clin Med, 2021 Feb 09

Management of Lupus Nephritis.

Arthritis and rheumatism, 2009-09-15

A phase II, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study of belimumab in patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus.

Lupus, 2020 Apr 11

Seroconversion to antinuclear antibody negativity and its association with disease flare in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Immunol Invest, 1985 Jun

Specificity of the Crithidia luciliae method for detecting anti-DNA antibodies. Effect of absorption for lipoproteins.

Semin Arthritis Rheum, 2007 Feb

Common variable immunodeficiency in systemic lupus erythematosus.

J Clin Rheumatol, 2021 Dec 01

Intravenous Immunoglobulin for Inflammatory Myositis: Experience in a Tertiary Medical Center.

Am J Med, 1984 Mar 30

Immunoglobulin G (IgG) subclasses and human disease.

Lupus, 2007

Selective IgA deficiency in children and adults with systemic lupus erythematosus.

Autoimmun Rev, 2022 Aug 24

Efficacy and safety of intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with lupus nephritis: A systematic review of the literature.

Rheumatology (Oxford, England), 2002-08

A cross-sectional study of clinical thrombotic risk factors and preventive treatments in antiphospholipid syndrome.

Int Arch Allergy Immunol, 2010 Apr 22

Cross-reactivity in drug hypersensitivity reactions to sulfasalazine and sulfamethoxazole.

N Engl J Med, 2003 Oct 23

Absence of cross-reactivity between sulfonamide antibiotics and sulfonamide nonantibiotics.

Ann Dermatol Venereol, 1997

[Treatment of discoid lupus erythematosus with sulfasalazine: 11 cases].

Presse Med, 2006 Jul-Aug

[Treatment of chronic lupus erythematosus with sulfasalazine in 18 patients: reappraisal].

Seminars in hematology, 2002-04

Chronic neutropenia associated with autoimmune disease.

Blood, 2002 Jan 01

Distinct bone marrow findings in T-cell granular lymphocytic leukemia revealed by paraffin section immunoperoxidase stains for CD8, TIA-1, and granzyme B.

Lupus, 2019 Jul 10

Factors predictive of serious infections over time in systemic lupus erythematosus patients: data from a multi-ethnic, multi-national, Latin American lupus cohort.

Ann Med, 2021 Dec

Antimalarials may reduce cancer risk in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies.

Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken), 2021 Jul 07

Hydroxychloroquine and Mortality Among Patients With Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the General Population.

Front Immunol, 2019 Mar 06

Altered Th17/Treg Ratio in Peripheral Blood of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus but Not Primary Antiphospholipid Syndrome.

Cell Physiol Biochem, 2017 Nov 14

Chloroquine Autophagic Inhibition Rebalances Th17/Treg-Mediated Immunity and Ameliorates Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Clin Cancer Res, 2014 Jun 15

Hydroxychloroquine inhibits autophagy to potentiate antiestrogen responsiveness in ER+ breast cancer.

Ann Afr Med, 2020 Jul-Sep

Refractory lupus panniculitis treated successfully with rituximab: Two cases.

Arch Dermatol, 2006 Mar

Lupus erythematosus profundus successfully treated with dapsone: review of the literature.

Clin Rev Allergy Immunol, 2010 Apr

Intravenous immunoglobulin in lupus panniculitis.

Lupus, 2020 Mar 19

Successful treatment of refractory lupus erythematosus profundus with the interleukin-6 antagonist tocilizumab: a case report.

Clinical and experimental dermatology, 2021 Mar 09

Brodalumab-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

JAAD case reports, 2019 Mar 01

Ustekinumab-induced subacute cutaneous lupus.

Dermatologic therapy, 2020 May 03

Secukinumab-induced subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2008-01

Value of a complete or partial remission in severe lupus nephritis.

Arthritis and rheumatism, 2013-07

Vitamin D in systemic lupus erythematosus: modest association with disease activity and the urine protein-to-creatinine ratio.

Rheumatology international, 2011 Feb 23

Lupus protein-losing enteropathy (LUPLE): a systematic review.

Arthritis & rheumatology (Hoboken, N.J.), 2023 Jun 01

Comparative Risks of Infection With Belimumab Versus Oral Immunosuppressants in Patients With Nonrenal Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Arthritis care & research, 2016 Jan

Vitamin D Supplementation in Adolescents and Young Adults With Juvenile Systemic Lupus Erythematosus for Improvement in Disease Activity and Fatigue Scores: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Lupus, 2014 Feb 06

Vitamin D and cutaneous lupus erythematosus: effect of vitamin D replacement on disease severity.

Lupus, 2018 Oct 05

Resolution of large aortic valve vegetations in antiphospholipid syndrome treated with therapeutic anticoagulation: a report of two cases and literature review.

Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, 2017 Oct 06

Antimalarial drug toxicities in patients with cutaneous lupus and dermatomyositis: A retrospective cohort study.

Annals of the rheumatic diseases, 2023 Oct 12

EULAR recommendations for the management of systemic lupus erythematosus: 2023 update.

Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2013 Jun 19

Severe lupus nephritis: the predictive value of a ≥ 50% reduction in proteinuria at 6 months.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN, 2020 Mar 09

The Evolving Role of Calcineurin Inhibitors in Treating Lupus Nephritis.

Kidney international, 2021 Apr 18

A pre-specified analysis of the DAPA-CKD trial demonstrates the effects of dapagliflozin on major adverse kidney events in patients with IgA nephropathy.

The New England journal of medicine, 2022 Nov 04

Empagliflozin in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease.

Lupus science & medicine, 2020 Feb 18

Prediction of prognosis and renal outcome in lupus nephritis.

Lupus Sci Med, 2018

Serum albumin at 1 year predicts long-term renal outcome in lupus nephritis.

Lupus, 2024 Jan 16

Complement C4d as a biomarker for systemic lupus erythematosus and lupus nephritis.

Arthritis care & research, 2022 Feb 08

A 79-Year-Old Female Patient With Altered Mental Status and Anemia.

Therapeutic drug monitoring, 2022 Jun 01

Drug-Drug Interactions Between Mycophenolic Acid and Proton Pump Inhibitors: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Clinical rheumatology, 2015-08

The use of an elevated aldolase in diagnosing and managing eosinophilic fasciitis.

Arthritis care & research, 2022 Jun 19

2022 American College of Rheumatology/American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons Guideline for the Perioperative Management of Antirheumatic Medication in Patients With Rheumatic Diseases Undergoing Elective Total Hip or Total Knee Arthroplasty.

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